PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN THE SPHERE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

Abstract

The paper presents the author’s view of the problem range of solid waste in the world through the prism of balancing interests. The global trends of solid waste generation per capita by region are considered. The features of solid waste management and the application of waste management methods in different countries are highlighted. The morphology of waste streams in high- and low-income countries is analyzed. The concept of cooperation as a consolidation of efforts, achievement of a common goal of solving urgent problems, and its essential characteristics are investigated. It is revealed that the social effect of cooperation depends on the willingness of the subjects to form partnerships, as well as on favorable conditions, specifically: proper legislative support, quality of service delivery, stability of pricing, economic policy, effectiveness of the mechanism of management decision-making. The destructive factors of the balancing of interests in the field of solid waste management and their determinants are identified: an increase in volumes of illegal trade in waste, inconsistency of product quality with the information provided in the documentation, falsification of the trade mark as recyclable, masking of hazardous waste. The factors of intensification of conflict and imbalance of relations in connection with illegal import of waste, non-observance of interests of the host party and its inability to defend its own interests in the international arena are analyzed. It has been found that there is a shift in focus from balancing the relationship to the category of profit, whereby the solution of the problem of solid household waste is based on the principle of «cost-cutting and maximizing profit». The differences in the stages of implementing environmental policy at the national and transnational levels are generalized. The problem of increasing the volume of plastic in the composition of waste is emphasized and the causes of the global crisis of waste management due to the decision of China to ban the import of waste are discussed. The directions of stabilizing the situation and balancing of relations in the world solid waste management are offered.