DEVELOPMENT OF A COMBINED FILTER WITH END OF SERVICE LIFE INDICATOR FOR RESPIRATOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/EIS/2024-106-17Keywords:
аdsorption, combined filter, capsule, aromatic substance, breakthrough timeAbstract
The purpose of article is to improve the design of combined filters for gas masks with the end of the service life indication. Methods. Determination of the breakthrough time was carried out by the standard method for evaluating the absorption capacity of the gas and combined filters according to DSTU EN 14387:2021. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide were used as test gases. The filters were tested in several stages of 10 minutes at a time, the total filter test time was added to the total value. Determination of gas penetration through the filter was carried out by a combined method using gas analyzers and the sense of smell of expert testers. The results. An analysis of literary sources was carried out regarding the requirements for the application of systems for warning filters users about the expiration of the breakthrough time. It was established that the most acceptable method is the indicators using. The design of the combined filter has been improved by placing a soluble sodium chloride capsule with an aromatic substance in the penultimate layer of activated carbon in the center of the air flow. It was determined that the breakthrough time of combined filters with sodium chloride capsule with an aromatic substance differs by up to 20% from the calculated one, which will save the health of the user due to early diagnosis of the end of the adsorption capacity of the filter. Graphs of the time dependence of the protective effect of the combined filters on the concentration of the harmful substance in the air, which were obtained theoretically and by approximation of the data according to the obtained experimental results, were constructed. Recommendations have been developed for filter users to reduce the risks of poisoning by harmful substances and increase the effectiveness of the personal respiratory protection equipment using. The novelty consists in determining the adsorption resource of the combined filter through the destruction of the structure of the chloride-sodium shell of the capsule, which contains aromatic carbohydrates. The value lies in determining the breakthrough time of the combined filters due to the appearance of a sharp safe smell in the under-mask space due to the previous destruction of the chloride-sodium shell of the capsule, which is located in the filter structure.
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